Iceland
Food Safety Tips
Essential food safety information to help you enjoy Iceland's cuisine safely and confidently.
Be cautious with street food in Iceland
While street food is a highlight of Iceland cuisine, choose stalls with good hygiene practices, high customer turnover, and where food is cooked fresh to order.
Drink bottled water in Iceland
In Iceland, it's advisable to drink bottled water with intact seals, especially in rural areas and smaller towns.
Be aware of common food allergens in Iceland
In Iceland, common allergens might not be clearly labeled on menus. Learn key phrases to communicate dietary restrictions in the local language.
Dietary Options
vegetarian
MEDIUM AVAILABILITYVegetarian options are increasingly available in Iceland, particularly in Reykjavík and other tourist areas. Many restaurants offer vegetarian dishes, and most supermarkets stock vegetarian staples like tofu, lentils, and plant-based milk alternatives. However, traditional Icelandic cuisine is heavily meat and fish-based, so options may be limited in more rural areas. Look for dishes featuring Icelandic vegetables like potatoes, turnips, and rhubarb. Salads are also common. Be sure to inquire about hidden ingredients like fish stock or gelatin in seemingly vegetarian dishes.
vegan
LOW AVAILABILITYVeganism is less prevalent in Iceland than vegetarianism, and finding fully vegan options can be challenging, especially outside of Reykjavík. While some restaurants offer vegan dishes, they are often limited. Supermarkets are increasingly stocking vegan products, but the selection can be smaller than in other European countries. Traditional Icelandic cuisine relies heavily on animal products, making it difficult to adapt. When dining out, clearly communicate your dietary needs to the staff. Look for dishes based on vegetables, grains, and legumes, and inquire about ingredients like whey or dairy in bread.
Common Allergens
Fish/Seafood
HIGH PREVALENCEFish and seafood are staples of the Icelandic diet, so they are present in many dishes. Common allergens include cod, haddock, salmon, and various shellfish. Cross-contamination can be a concern in restaurants and food processing facilities. Always inform restaurant staff about your allergies and double-check ingredients. Be aware that even dishes that don't explicitly list fish might contain fish-derived ingredients like fish sauce or stock. Packaged foods should have allergen information clearly labeled, but it's always best to err on the side of caution.
Dairy
HIGH PREVALENCEDairy products, particularly skyr (a type of yogurt), are common in Icelandic cuisine. Lactose intolerance is relatively low in Iceland, so dairy is used extensively in both sweet and savory dishes. Be mindful of hidden dairy in sauces, breads, and desserts. Always check labels and inform restaurant staff of your allergy. Vegan alternatives are becoming more available, but are still not as widespread as in some other countries.
Essential Food Experiences
These iconic dishes represent the must-have culinary experiences that define Iceland's food culture for travelers.
Hákarl (Fermented Shark)
Hákarl is a traditional Icelandic dish made from fermented Greenland shark. The shark is buried underground for several months to allow the poisonous uric acid to decompose, then hung to dry for several more. The resulting product has a strong ammonia-rich smell and taste. It's often served in small cubes and is considered a delicacy, though it can be challenging for those unfamiliar with the flavor. You can find it in specialty food stores and some restaurants, particularly those focusing on traditional Icelandic cuisine. Be prepared for a pungent experience!
Kjötsúpa (Icelandic Lamb Soup)
Kjötsúpa is a hearty and traditional Icelandic lamb soup. It typically includes chunks of lamb, root vegetables like potatoes, carrots, and turnips, and sometimes barley or rice. The broth is rich and flavorful, perfect for warming up on a cold day. Kjötsúpa is a staple in Icelandic homes and can be found in most restaurants throughout the country. It's a comforting and satisfying meal that reflects Iceland's culinary heritage.
Skyr (Icelandic Yogurt)
Skyr is a thick, creamy dairy product similar to yogurt, but technically a fresh, soft cheese. It's high in protein and low in fat, making it a popular breakfast and snack food. Skyr is available in various flavors, from plain to fruit-flavored and sweetened varieties. You can find it in any supermarket and many restaurants. It's a versatile ingredient used in both sweet and savory dishes.
Plokkfiskur (Fish Stew)
Plokkfiskur is a traditional Icelandic fish stew made with boiled fish (usually cod or haddock), potatoes, onions, and a béchamel sauce. It's a comforting and flavorful dish, often served with rúgbrauð (dark rye bread). Plokkfiskur is a common household meal and can be found in many restaurants, particularly those serving traditional Icelandic food. It's a simple yet satisfying dish that showcases Iceland's reliance on seafood.
Regional Specialties & Local Favorites
Discover the authentic regional dishes and local favorites that showcase Iceland's diverse culinary traditions.
Pylsur (Icelandic Hot Dogs)
Pylsur are Icelandic hot dogs, a popular street food available from stands and kiosks throughout the country. They are typically made with a blend of lamb, pork, and beef and are served in a warm bun with various toppings, including ketchup, mustard, remoulade, fried onions, and raw onions. Considered a national dish, they are a quick and tasty meal or snack.
Harðfiskur (Dried Fish)
Harðfiskur is dried fish, typically cod or haddock, that is air-dried and eaten as a snack. It has a chewy texture and a strong, salty flavor. Harðfiskur is a traditional Icelandic food and can be found in supermarkets and some specialty stores. It's often eaten with butter and is a good source of protein.
Rúgbrauð (Dark Rye Bread)
Rúgbrauð is a dark rye bread traditionally baked in geothermal hot springs or ovens. It has a dense, moist texture and a slightly sweet flavor. Rúgbrauð is a staple in Icelandic cuisine and is often served with butter, smoked salmon, or other toppings. It can be found in most supermarkets and bakeries.
Kleinur (Twisted Doughnuts)
Kleinur are Icelandic twisted doughnuts, deep-fried and often flavored with cardamom. They are light and crispy, and are a popular treat enjoyed with coffee. Kleinur can be found in bakeries and cafes throughout Iceland.
Hangikjöt (Smoked Lamb)
Hangikjöt is smoked lamb, traditionally smoked over birch or sheep dung. It has a distinctive smoky flavor and is often served thinly sliced with potatoes and béchamel sauce, especially during Christmas time. It can be found in supermarkets and is a popular dish for special occasions.
Regional Cuisine Highlights
Explore the diverse culinary landscapes across different regions of Iceland.
Westfjords
The Westfjords region, known for its rugged landscapes and remote fishing villages, has a unique culinary tradition centered around seafood. Freshly caught fish, including cod, haddock, and halibut, are staples of the diet. Traditional preservation methods, such as drying and salting, are still practiced, resulting in unique products like harðfiskur (dried fish). The region is also known for its sheep farming, and lamb dishes are common. The isolation of the Westfjords has helped preserve traditional cooking methods and flavors, offering a glimpse into Iceland's culinary past.
Cultural Significance:
Food in the Westfjords is deeply tied to the region's history and environment. The reliance on seafood and preserved foods reflects the challenges of living in a remote area with harsh weather conditions. Traditional cooking methods are passed down through generations, preserving a strong connection to the past. Food plays a central role in social gatherings and celebrations, reinforcing community bonds and cultural identity.
Signature Dishes:
- Fish soup
- Harðfiskur
- Lamb stew
- Fish stew
Key Ingredients:
North Iceland
North Iceland's cuisine is influenced by its agricultural heritage and proximity to the sea. Lamb and dairy products are prominent, with dishes like hangikjöt (smoked lamb) and skyr playing important roles. The region is also known for its wild game, including reindeer and ptarmigan. Berries and wild herbs are gathered in the summer and used in jams, sauces, and desserts. The North's culinary traditions reflect a close connection to the land and its resources.
Cultural Significance:
Food in North Iceland is an expression of the region's resourcefulness and adaptability. The use of local ingredients and traditional preservation techniques reflects a deep respect for the environment. Food plays a vital role in social events and celebrations, strengthening community ties and preserving cultural heritage.
Signature Dishes:
- Hangikjöt
- Skyr
- Reindeer stew
- Ptarmigan
Key Ingredients:
South Iceland
South Iceland, with its fertile farmlands and access to the coast, boasts a diverse culinary landscape. Dairy products, including skyr and various cheeses, are central to the diet. Lamb and beef are also important, featured in dishes like kjötsúpa (lamb soup). The region's proximity to the sea provides access to fresh seafood, which is prepared in various ways. The South's culinary traditions reflect the abundance and variety of its natural resources.
Cultural Significance:
Food in South Iceland is a celebration of the region's agricultural richness and coastal bounty. The emphasis on fresh, local ingredients reflects a deep appreciation for the land and its resources. Food plays a central role in social gatherings and festivals, fostering community spirit and preserving cultural traditions.
Signature Dishes:
- Kjötsúpa
- Skyr
- Fish dishes
- Vegetable soups
Key Ingredients:
Sweet Delights & Desserts
Indulge in Iceland's traditional sweet treats and desserts.
Skyrkaka (Skyr Cake)
Skyrkaka is a no-bake cheesecake made with skyr, often combined with crushed biscuits, whipped cream, and fruit. It's a light and refreshing dessert that showcases the versatility of skyr. Skyrkaka can be found in cafes and restaurants and is also a popular homemade treat.
Ástarpungar (Love Balls)
Ástarpungar, meaning "love balls," are deep-fried dough balls, similar to kleinur but smaller and often coated in sugar and cinnamon. They are a popular treat, especially during holidays and special occasions. They are often served warm and are a delightful sweet snack.
Traditional Beverages
Discover Iceland's traditional drinks, from locally produced spirits to regional wines.
Brennivín (Black Death)
Brennivín is a clear, unsweetened schnapps, considered Iceland's signature alcoholic beverage. It's made from fermented potatoes and flavored with caraway seeds. It has a strong, distinctive flavor and is traditionally served chilled in a shot glass. It is often consumed with hákarl.
Bjór (Beer)
Iceland has a growing craft beer scene, with numerous local breweries producing a variety of beers. Many pubs and bars offer a selection of Icelandic beers, ranging from pale ales and IPAs to stouts and lagers. Beer is a popular alcoholic beverage in Iceland, enjoyed both in social settings and with meals.
Soft Beverages
Discover Iceland's traditional non-alcoholic drinks, from local teas to refreshing juices.
Kaffi (Coffee)
Coffee is a beloved beverage in Iceland, consumed throughout the day. Icelanders enjoy strong, filter coffee, often served with milk and sugar. Coffee breaks are an important part of Icelandic culture, providing a time for socializing and relaxation.
Appelsín (Orange Soda)
Appelsín is a popular carbonated orange soda, a favorite among Icelanders. It's a sweet and refreshing drink, often enjoyed with meals or as a treat. It's widely available in supermarkets and stores throughout Iceland.
Mjólk (Milk)
Milk consumption is high in Iceland, reflecting the importance of dairy in the Icelandic diet. Fresh milk is readily available in supermarkets and is often consumed with meals or used in cooking and baking.